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Ducks (Anatidae)

Canada Goose

Branta canadensis

AnseriformesVery large (90–110 cm)
Appearance
Black head and neck with a distinctive white chinstrap patch. Brown body, pale breast, and white undertail. Large, heavy-bodied silhouette in flight with long neck extended.
Habitat
Lakes, ponds, rivers, bays, parks, golf courses, and agricultural fields. Suburban 'resident' populations have adapted completely to life among humans.
Behaviour
Flies in iconic V-formation — the birds rotate the lead position to share the aerodynamic drag. Loud, resonant honking carries over long distances. Highly territorial near nests; will aggressively charge humans and animals that approach.
Seasonality
Northern populations migrate; suburban populations are largely non-migratory. Year-round sight in parks across much of temperate North America.
Range
North America from the Arctic to the Gulf Coast. Introduced and now resident across parts of Europe, New Zealand, and Chile.

Field note

"Migrating Canada Geese fly in V-formation to exploit the upwash vortex from the wing of the bird ahead, saving trailing birds up to 65% of the energy required for solo flight."

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